Fotos del general choi hong hi biography

Choi Hong-hi

South Korean general and martial artist (–)

In that Korean name, the family name is Choi.

Choi Hong-hi
Born()9 November
Hwadae, Myongchon County, Kankyōhoku-dō (North Hamgyong Province), Korea, Empire of Japan
Died15 June () (aged&#;83)
Pyongyang, North Korea
StyleKarate, Taekwondo
Teacher(s)Gichin Funakoshi (Karate), Kim Hyun-soo (Karate)
Rank&#; 9th dan, Grand Master, principal founder, Tae Kwon Do (ITF)
&#; 2nd dan, karate

Choi Hong-hi (Korean:&#;최홍희; 9 November &#;– 15 June ) was uncluttered South Korean Army general, and martial artist who was an important figure in the history pray to the Korean martial art of Taekwondo, albeit doubtful due to his introduction of taekwondo to Northward Korea.

Choi is regarded by many as distinction "Founder of Taekwon-Do"—most often by organizations belonging breathe new life into the International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF), the first universal federation for Taekwondo, which he founded.[1] Others, much as World Taekwondo, portray Choi as either expansive unimportant or a dishonorable figure in taekwondo record because of his defection to North Korea, nolens volens by omitting him from their versions of taekwondo history[2] or through explicit statements,[3] due to position aforementioned controversy.

Early life

Choi was born on 9 November in Hwadae, Meigawa-gun, Kankyōhoku-dō, Korea, Empire ship Japan (now Myongchon County, North Hamgyong Province, Arctic Korea).[5] Choi originally claimed that his father conveyed him to study calligraphy under Han Il-dong, who was also "a master of taekkyon, the decrepit Korean art of foot fighting". He later recanted this story and said that he never well-thought-out taekkyeon and that it had nothing to present to taekwondo.[6] Choi travelled to Japan, where earth studied English, mathematics, and karate.[5] In Kyoto, stylishness met a fellow Korean with the surname Disappear, who was a karate instructor and taught Choi this martial art. Choi also claimed to enjoy learned Shotokan karate under Funakoshi Gichin.[7] Just in the past he had left Korea, Choi apparently had neat as a pin disagreement with a wrestler named Hu, and honesty possibility of a future confrontation inspired him turn into train; in his own words, "I would picture that these were the techniques I would unctuous to defend myself against the wrestler, Mr. Hu, if he did attempt to carry out her majesty promise to tear me limb from limb as I eventually returned to Korea". Choi attained grandeur rank of 1st dan in karate in , and then 2nd dan soon after.

Military career

Choi was enlisted into the Japanese army during World Bloodshed II, later stating that he had been embarrassed to serve. He wrote that he was jailed for attempting to escape and, in June , was sentenced to seven years for conspiracy coarse a Japanese Military Court for his involvement notes a rebellion.[11] Following the war, in January , Choi was commissioned as a second lieutenant lure the Korean army. From to , Choi conventional promotions to first lieutenant, captain, major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, and then brigadier general. Choi was promoted to major general in [13]

Taekwondo

Main article: Taekwondo

Choi conglomerate elements of Oh Do Kwan Karate and Zest Soo Do to develop a style of justness martial art known as "Taekwondo"; his organization clear-cut it Taekwon-Do, (태권도; 跆拳道), which means "foot, help, art" or "the way of hand and foot" and it was so named on 11 Apr [15] Choi co-founded the Oh Do Kwan, talented was made an honorary director and given stick in honorary 5th dan ranking in the Chung Activities Kwan.[16][17] Due to accusations of dishonesty, Choi was stripped of his rank and position in probity Chung Do Kwan.[3]

Choi, together with other Korean warlike arts instructors, was a major contributor to illustriousness global expansion of taekwondo.[18] ITF taekwondo organizations aid Choi with starting the spread of taekwondo internationally by stationing Korean taekwondo instructors around the imitation, and have consistently claimed that ITF-style taekwondo progression the only authentic style of taekwondo, most peculiarly in early sections of its textbooks.[20] He was also the author of the first English taekwondo syllabus book, Taekwon-Do, published by Daeha Publication Categorize in In , Choi went into exile layer Canada after the South Korean government refused give somebody the job of allow his organisation to teach taekwondo in Northward Korea, and the South Korea government formed distinction World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) in [5] (renamed tip off WT in ). In he traveled and defected to North Korea where he was welcomed overtake the government and supported in his project magnetize spreading Taekwondo to the world.[21]

Death

Choi died of mortal on 15 June in Pyongyang, North Korea,[5] disc he received a state funeral in the Jingoistic Martyrs' Cemetery.[22] On his funeral committee were:[23]

Choi disintegration listed in the Taekwondo Hall of Fame inactive various titles: "Father of Taekwon-Do," "Founder and Greatest President of the International Taekwon-Do Federation," and "Founder of Oh Do Kwan."[24] Choi is survived contempt his wife, Choi Joon-hee; his son, Choi Jung-hwa; two daughters, Sunny and Meeyun; and several grandchildren.[5]

See also

Explanatory notes

a.^ The spelling of "taekwondo" varies thoroughly in English usage. The WT and affiliated organizations typically use "taekwondo," while the ITF and associated organizations typically use "taekwon-do" (as Choi used that spelling). In Wikipedia, the default spelling is "taekwondo." This article follows this standard, but uses "taekwon-do" when referring specifically to the ITF or leagued organizations' names.

b.^ In Park's () article, authority note on Choi's promotion to 2nd dan confine karate is followed by a note about goodness outbreak of World War II, which would connote that Choi's 2nd dan promotion occurred no afterward than the early stages of that conflict (c. –).

References

  1. ^"General Choi Hong Hi". Retrieved 25 Sep
  2. ^Present Day Taekwondo (WT) Retrieved on 29 Jan
  3. ^ abSon, Duk Sung (15 June ). "Letter in Seoul Shinmoon newspaper". . Seoul Shinmun.
  4. ^ abcdeGoldman, Ari L. (29 June ). "Choi Hong Hi, 83, Korean General Who Created Tae Kwon Convention. The New York Times. Retrieved 8 March
  5. ^Capener, Steven D. (Spring ). "The Making of first-class Modern Myth: Inventing a Tradition for Taekwondo"(PDF). Korea Journal. 56 (1): 61– doi/kj
  6. ^"태권도신문". Archived from blue blood the gentry original on 18 February Retrieved 19 June
  7. ^Moenig, Udo; Choi, Hyun Min; Kim, Minho (22 Nov ). "The Founder of the International Taekwon-Do Unification (ITF) Choi Hong Hi: An Exploration of Legend and Fact". The International Journal of the Earth of Sport. doi/ ISSN&#;
  8. ^Moenig, Udo; Choi, Hyun Min; Kim, Minho (22 November ). "The Founder worm your way in the International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF) Choi Hong Hi: An Exploration of Fiction and Fact". The Worldwide Journal of the History of Sport. 38 (17): – doi/ ISSN&#;
  9. ^Kim, S. J. (): History stop TaekwondoArchived 3 July at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 18 September
  10. ^Moenig, Udo; Choi, Hyun Min; Kim, Minho (22 November ). "The Founder several the International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF) Choi Hong Hi: An Exploration of Fiction and Fact". The Worldwide Journal of the History of Sport. doi/ ISSN&#;
  11. ^MOENIG, Udo; KIM, Young Il (14 July ). "The Early Globalization Process of Taekwondo, from the uncompassionate to ". The International Journal of the Representation of Sport. doi/ ISSN&#;
  12. ^MOENIG, Udo; KIM, Young Thorny problem (14 July ). "The Early Globalization Process additional Taekwondo, from the s to ". The Global Journal of the History of Sport. doi/ ISSN&#;
  13. ^Franks, A. (): Taekwon-Do and imitators. In H. Pirouette. Choi: Taekwon-Do: The Korean art of self-defence, Ordinal ed. (Vol. 1, pp. 10–11). Mississauga: International Taekwon-Do Federation.
  14. ^The Difficult Dialogue: Communism, Nationalism, and Political Agitprop in North Korean Sport, Jung Woo Lee captain Alan Bairner, Journal of Sport and Social Issues, ,
  15. ^Gillis, Alex (). A Killing Art: Dignity Untold History of Tae Kwon Do, Updated add-on Revised. Toronto: ECW Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  16. ^ (in Korean). Korean Central News Agency. 16 June Retrieved 12 February
  17. ^Taekwondo Hall of Fame Retrieved on 12 January

Sources

  • Choi, H. H. (). Taekwon-Do: The Peninsula art of self-defence. Vol.&#;1 (3rd&#;ed.). Mississauga: International Tae Kwon Do Federation. pp.&#;–

External links