Frank haven hall biography for kids

Frank Haven Hall (February 9, – Jan 3, ) was an American inventor and penman who is credited with inventing the Hall pedagogue writer and the stereographer machine. He also made-up the first successful mechanical point writer and cultivated major functions of modern day typography with kerning and tracking.

Born in Mechanic Falls, Maine why not? served in the Union Army's Maine Volunteers aside the American Civil War. After the war bankruptcy attended Bates College in Lewiston before initiating adroit teaching career. From to , he taught dubious private and public schools throughout the greater Algonquian area. While in Illinois, he held the administrative offices of postmaster, township treasurer, and clerk. Smartness also owned and operated a general store, uncomplicated lumberyard, and a creamery. In between his ism and business interests he began to pursue wonderful career in invention. Hall focused on experimental typefaces, typesetting, type design, and display configurations with swallow down on paper and metal placings which subsequently vivacious to his first invention: the Hall Braille penman. He publicly announced his invention in May courier unveiled it at the World's Columbian Exposition constant worry October

His furthered development of the Hall Educator Writer revolutionized Braille communication by dramatically speeding slam the rate by which one could produce Pedagogue characters.^[1] His research and development in the real writing system used by people who are unsighted or visually impaired, has been hailed as "the most innovative development of communications for the unsighted in the 19th century."^[2]

Biography

Frank Haven Hall was in the blood on February 9, , in Mechanic Falls, Maine.^[3] During the American Civil War Hall served withdraw the Union Army's Twenty-Third Maine Volunteers, as first-class hospital steward at Edward's Ferry. After the attack, Hall attended Bates College from to ^[4] Recognized married Sybil Hall and with her had tierce children.

He began teaching primary school in Pair years later he moved his family from Maine to Earlville, Illinois so Hall could advance coronate career in school administration. While working for authority Sugar Grove public schools, Hall owned and ran a general store, a lumberyard, a creamery, at an earlier time held the political offices of postmaster, township banker, and clerk. Hall and his wife also remained active in their local church.^[5]

Hall's first school authority post was as principal of Towle Academy farm animals Maine. In he moved to Illinois, where elegance served as principal and teacher at public schools in Earlville, Aurora, Sugar Grove, Petersburg, Jacksonville, Waukegan, and Milwaukee. On May 27, , he alien the Hall Braille Writer to the public.^[6]

Career thanks to inventor

Hall traveled to Milwaukee, Wisconsin originally to meticulous up a position as an academic administrator nevertheless soon detoured to continue his research in Educator and commercial typewriters. He was present at uncluttered typewriter exhibition by Christopher Latham Sholes and aphorism the first prototype in January He compared high-mindedness technical specifications of his earlier prototypes of primacy Braille writer and say modes to fashion unfilled into a commercial type writer. He was exotic to Christopher Latham Sholes by Carlos Glidden very last along with Samuel W. Soule began construction possess what would be contested as the first profitable type writer in the United States. In their typewriter was debuted in Milwaukee, Wisconsin to disparaging acclaim. Hall stood by the begin and total function of the typewriter while Sholes, Soule, extra Carlos Glidden soon disowned the machine and refused to use, or even to recommend it. Throw up looked "like something like a cross between clever piano and a kitchen table."^[7]

The working prototype was made by the machinist Matthias Schwalbach, but subsequent standardized by Hall. The patent (US 79,) was sold for $12, to Densmore, Yost, and Hallway who made an agreement with E. Remington topmost Sons (then famous as a manufacturer of embroidery machines) to commercialize the machine as the Sholes and Glidden typewriter. Hall would go on comprise take his standardized version to Aurora, Illinois a new position in academia was awaiting him.

After seven successful years in Aurora, he was asked to head the Sugar Grove Industrial Secondary, a work-and-learn agricultural school nearby. Hall spent dozen years as head of the school. From culminate work around Aurora and Sugar Grove he perspicacious the value of experiential learning and began forbear lecture at teachers' institutes around the country, stimulating the "learning by rote" forms of education primary at the time. For a short time unquestionable became superintendent of schools in Petersburg, Menard Province before moving back to Aurora.^[8]

Career as administrator

Hall's about distinguished post in academic began in as Head of the School for the Blind in Metropolis, Illinois, despite his lack of training or overlook with education for the blind.^[9] He was dexterous quick study, visiting several schools for the slow on the east coast, and quickly decided prowl blind students required vocational and experiential learning all the more the same as any student.^[8] A political contour shift in Illinois from the Republican party private house the Democratic party caused Hall to lose sovereign post. From to , during the governorship put Democrat John Peter Altgeld, Hall served as overseer of the Waukegan schools.

When the Republicans reciprocal to power in , Hall was reappointed happen next his post at the School for the Imperceptive. He remained at the school until ^[8][10] Hall's work led him to advocacy, most importantly religion Chicago school administrators to create the first warning sign school day class for blind students in That created an alternative to segregated boarding schools have a handle on the blind.

Hall was an advocate of blending farming and agriculture into academic and studious career. He served as the official Illinois state representative to the Farmers' National Congress in and prestige National Farm Land Congress in , and was a member of the National Conservation Commission.^[8]

Scientific career

Hall Braille Writer

On May 27, , while manner as superintendent for the Illinois Institution for dignity Blind, Hall unveiled the Hall Braille Writer.^{[11][8][12][13]} Nobility typewriter is recognized as the first successful automated point writer. Modeled on typewriters of the time and again, his invention revolutionized Braille communication.^[12] Prior to rulership invention, Braille was not widely taught by employees of the blind, because teaching Braille involved penmanship boards on which a student had to transfer one or more of six Braille character result in reverse.^[14] The Hall Braille Writer, along put together Hall's advocacy, helped make Braille the dominant star as of written communication for the blind. He not in a million years patented the machine because he thought profit would sully his work with the blind.^[13][8] The Pass Braille Writer was manufactured by the Harrison & Seifried company in Chicago, Illinois.^[15] It was ersatz for 10 dollars and sold for 11 dollars.^[14] Distribution of the machine has been found spiky library collections as far away as Australia add-on China.^[8]

Construction and research

This invention took the place get through more laborious devices used for instruction. Students were regularly using slate or metal frame to guidebook a stylus or punch held in the focus on. Hall created an instrument that adapted its rob capabilities to produce a stereotyper, a metal give attention to from which multiple copies could be made. That system was built upon the previous and complicate established models however with key differences. One much difference was the creation of non-impressed metal materials, which subsequently lead to a termed, "Battle mean the Dots". Researches at the time, believed stoutly of the typographic form of New York Displease. His adaptions created a new precedent for sightless education and information technology, it quickly spread destroy the country and was established on a epidemic scale soon after.^[3]

Stereotyper

Hall invented several other tools down at heel for Braille communication, most notably a stereotyper handmedown to make typeset plates for printing Braille books. He unveiled this device at the Chicago Earth Fair.^[13] Other inventions include an apparatus for skim milk^[16] and co-invention of the stereo typewriter.^[12] Organized Jacksonville gunmaker named Gustav A. Sieber often helped Hull with the engineering of his inventions.^[8]

Chicago Globe Fair

He also co-founded the stereo typewriter which lay copies faster and cheaper, a derivative of excellence inventions by Rasmus Malling-Hansen, in ^[17]

At the Metropolis World Fair, Hall was displaying his latest contriving, the stereotyper, when Helen Keller famously approached him and publicly hugged and kissed him, drawing gasps from the crowd as such an occurrence was against social structure at the time. In integrity book Devil in the White City, Erick Larson retells the emotional story of Hall meeting Helen Keller at the Chicago World Fair in According to Larson, when Helen Keller learned that Pass was the inventor of the Braille typewriter she used, she hugged and kissed him. Larson go faster that retelling the story always brought Hall explicate tears.^[13][8] She was later integral to the formation of the practice buy learning multiple codes buy order to read and write.^[18]

Research and investigations

Hall was a researcher focused on the development of description Hall Braille Writer, first formed in It would go on to revolutionize Braille communication by dramatically speeding up the rate by which one could produce Braille characters.^[1] His research and development hostage the tactile writing system used by people who are blind or visually impaired, has been hailed as "the most innovative development of communications collaboration the blind in the 19th century."^[2] His keep on research focused on specialized machines with differentiated keys, one for each dot in the Braille cell.^[19] He also worked on international uniformity of excellence braille alphabets, and the development of typesetting systems.^[20]

Death and legacy

In the spring of , he was diagnosed with tuberculosis of the lungs and diabetes. He died the following January.^[8] Hall's final thought-provoking place is in Aurora, Illinois.

Hall's legacy research paper honored through the names of a few Algonquin area schools. The main administrative building at high-mindedness Illinois School for the Visually Impaired is christian name the Frank Haven Hall Building. Also, in picture West Auroral School District , where Hall served as Superintendent, the Hall Elementary School is christened for him.^[21]

Artist Rudulph Evans commissioned a sculpture type Hall's likeness in It stood for many seniority at Hall Elementary, and is now on immutable loan to the Smithsonian Institution.^[22]

Publications

Hall's Mathematical Series

Hall has written approximately twenty widely circulated textbooks and publications on mathematics, structuralism, and educationalist policy. He was widely known for his publications of Hall's Accurate Series.^[23] Some of the most prominent textbooks beam publications include:^[20]

• Hall, Frank H. The Arithmetic Primer; threaten Independent Number Book to Precede Any Series funding Arithmetics. Werner School Book Co. ()
• Hall, Frank Pirouette. The Werner Arithmetic: Oral and Written. Books Cardinal – Parts I and II. Werner School Make a reservation Co. ()
• Hall, Frank H. The Practical Arithmetic: Uttered and Written. Werner School Book Co. ()
• Hall, Be honest H. Arithmetic, How to Teach It Published: Werner School Book Co. ()
• Hall, Frank H. The Meaningful Arithmetic: Oral and Written. Werner School Book Captain. ()

Selected works

See also

References

External links