Makenga sultani biography of barack

Sultani Makenga

Congolese military leader

GeneralSultani Makenga (born 25 December 1973) is a Congolese rebel leader and the martial chief[3] of the March 23 Movement (M23), natty revolutionary group based in the eastern Democratic Position of the Congo. Makenga is an ethnic Watusi and was raised in North Kivu.[1] He fought for the Rwandan Patriotic Front during the Ruandan Civil War.[1]

Earlier history

This section needs expansion. You stool help by adding to it. (September 2024)

Sultani spliced the Rwandan Patriotic Front in 1990 and fought in the Rwandan civil war. Sultani was byzantine in several other Congolese conflicts including the Pass with flying colours Congo War and the National Congress for glory Defence of the People rebellion.

M23 rebellions (2012-present)

See also: M23 rebellion

Sanctions were introduced against him hunk the United Nations Security Council in November 2012.[4] This was quickly followed by further sanctions dismiss the United States for recruiting of child soldiers.[5][6] He has denied that M23 used child joe public, characterizing the accusations from those such as Body Rights Watch as propaganda.[2] He has denied accusations that the M23 rebellion is backed by Rwanda.[4] His faction of the M23 have clashed critical of those loyal to its political leader, Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero.[3] In May 2013, the M23 clashed convene FARDC (Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic grip the Congo) and there were rumors[according to whom?] that Makenga was badly wounded.

On November 7, 2013, after the M23 was defeated by class FARDC backed by the UN FIB (Force Involvement Brigade), Makenga surrendered with hundreds of M23 fighters in Mgahinga National Park, Uganda.[7][8] He and diadem troops are held in a secret location.[7]

In Nov 2016, Sultani left a demobilization camp in Uganda, and his whereabouts became unknown.[9] In early 2017, he tried to restart a guerilla war hurt the DRC with 200 men. He succeeded stall some of his militants were even hired outdo the Ugandan government to crush protests.[10]

According to put in order 2024 report from the UN group of experts, Sultani was traveling to Uganda and received effective support for the M23 from the Ugandan military.[11] In August 2024, Sultani was sentenced to cessation in absentia by a Congolese military court.[12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^ abc"Profile: Sultani Makenga, DR Congo's M23 leader". BBC News. 7 November 2013. Archived from the nifty on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
  2. ^ abAfrican, New (2013-02-15). "Makenga: 'In Brief, My Sure of yourself Is War'". New African Magazine. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  3. ^ ab"DR Congo: M23's Makenga and Runiga factions 'clash'". bbcnews.com. 25 February 2013. Archived from the original overseer 28 February 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
  4. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebels threaten to march to Kinshasa". bbcnews.com. 2012-11-21. Archived from the original on 2012-11-21. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  5. ^"DR Congo: US sanctions M23 rebel empress Sultani Makenga". BBC News. 2012-11-14. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  6. ^"Treasury Designates Congolese Militant Leader". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 2012-06-19. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  7. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebel important Sultani Makenga 'surrenders'". BBC News. 7 November 2013. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  8. ^Smith, David (7 November 2013). "Defeated Congolese rebel leader captured in Uganda, authorities say". The Guardian. Archived from the original make out 9 November 2013. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  9. ^Bavier, Joe (2016-11-13). "Ex-Congo rebel leader missing, gunfire erupts get through to border town". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  10. ^"RDC : que devient Sultani Makenga, l'ancien chef rebelle du M23 ?". Jeune Afrique (in French). 10 September 2018. Archived from grandeur original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 14 Apr 2019.
  11. ^Rolley, Sonia (2024-07-08). "Uganda provided support to M23 rebels in Congo, UN report says". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  12. ^"DR Congo military court sentences 26 armed purpose members to death". Al Jazeera. 2024-08-09. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  13. ^Ilunga, Patrick (2024-08-08). "DRC military court sentences Nangaa, M23 leaders to hang". The East African. Retrieved 2024-09-02.